АЦЕТИЛЦИСТЕИН: БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ И ПОТЕНЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ТЕРАПЕВТИЧЕСКИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ В КЛИНИКЕ
Аннотация
Цель. Провести расширенный анализ литературных источников, изучить биологическую активность, биодоступность ацетилцистеина и потенциальные возможности препарата в коррекции окислительного стресса и воспалительной реакции при патологических состояниях и заболеваниях в клинике, а также эффективность его парентерального применения при экспериментальном иммуногенном увеите.
Материал и методы. Проанализированы источники отечественной и зарубежной литературы по проблеме окислительного стресса и антиоксидантной защиты, роли ацетилцистеина (АЦЦ) в коррекции окислительного стресса, восстановлении внутриклеточного пула глутатиона и потенциальных возможностях применения АЦЦ в клинике при разных патологических состояниях и заболеваниях, включая воспалительные и дегенеративные заболевания органа зрения.
Результаты. АЦЦ – одно из наиболее перспективных и безопасных фармакологических средств для коррекции окислительного стресса при воспалительных заболеваниях, сопровождающихся истощением внутриклеточного пула глутатиона. АЦЦ обладает антиоксидантными, противовоспалительными, иммуномодулирующими, антимикробными, противовирусными, детоксикационными, цитопротекторными и антиканцерогенными свойствами. Его антиоксидантный эффект реализуется через прямой и непрямой механизмы. Непрямое антиокислительное действие АЦЦ реализуется восполнением внутриклеточного пула глутатиона.
Выводы. АЦЦ позволяет решить важнейшую проблему доставки цистеина, как лимитирующего звена синтеза глутатиона, в клетку. АЦЦ обладает многовекторным, разнонаправленным действием, оказывает влияние на транскрипционные факторы, ответственные за развитие воспаления, пролиферацию клеток, апоптоз, поддержание редокс-гомеостаза в организме. На сегодняшний день ацетилцистеин – одно из наиболее перспективных фармакологических средств для коррекции окислительного стресса при заболеваниях, сопровождающихся истощением внутриклеточного пула глутатиона
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