РОЛЬ СЕРОТОНИНА В ОРГАНИЗМЕ ЧЕЛОВЕКА
Аннотация
Целью данной статьи является обзор литературы последнего времени о функциях и обмене серотонина в организме человека, его гормональных и медиаторных эффектах. В статье рассмотрены современные представления о серотониновых рецепторах и их основных функциях и локализации в центральной нервной системе (ЦНС) и желудочно-кишечном тракте (ЖКТ). Дисбаланс функций серотонинергических нейронов влияет на развитие патологий ЦНС и ЖКТ. Периферический серотонин играет важную роль в функции тромбоцитов, кишечника и поджелудочной железы. Ингибиторы триптофангидроксилазы типа 2 показали терапевтическую эффективность при заболеваниях ЖКТ.
Литература
Shur VY, Samotrueva MA, Mazhitova MV, Trizno NN, Fayziev RM, Petrenko LV, Shur YV. Serotonin: biological properties and prospects of clinical application. Fundamental research. 2014;7(3):621-629. edn: SHRIVD. (Russian).
Khavkin AI, Novikova VP, Abdurakhmanova AA. Serotonin: its biological role and clinical significance. Nutrition. 2020;10(2):44-50. https://doi.org/10.20953/2224-5448-2020-2-44-50. (Russian).
Banskota S, Ghia JE, Khan WI. Serotonin in the gut: Blessing or a curse. Biochimie. 2019;161:56-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2018.06.008.
Kim DY, Camilleri M. Serotonin: a mediator of the brain-gut connection. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000;95(10):2698-2709. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.03177.x.
Twarog BM, Page IH. Serotonin content of some mammalian tissues and urine and a method for its determination. Am J Physiol. 1953;175(1):157-161. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1953.175.1.157.
Hannon J, Hoyer D. Molecular biology of 5-HT receptors. Behav Brain Res. 2008;195(1):198-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2008.03.020.
Bamalan OA, Moore MJ, Al Khalili Y. Physiology, Serotonin. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545168
Carhart-Harris RL, Nutt DJ. Serotonin and brain function: a tale of two receptors. J Psychopharmacol. 2017;31(9):1091-1120. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881117725915.
Terry N, Margolis KG. Serotonergic Mechanisms Regulating the GI Tract: Experimental Evidence and Therapeutic Relevance. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2017;239:319-342. https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2016_103.
Bon ЕI. Characteristics of mediators and modulators, their biological role in the functioning of the nervous system. Vestnik of Novgorod State University. Issue: Medical Sciences. 2021;1(122):6-14. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.34680/2076-8052.2021.1(122).6-14. (Russian).
Walther DJ, Peter JU, Bashammakh S, Hörtnagl H, Voits M, Fink H, Bader M. Synthesis of serotonin by a second tryptophan hydroxylase isoform. Science. 2003;299(5603):76. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1078197.
Francescangeli J, Karamchandani K, Powell M, Bonavia A. The Serotonin Syndrome: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Practice. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(9):2288. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20092288.
Syrovaja AO, Shapoval LG, Makarov VA, Petjunina VN, Graboveckaja ER, Andreeva SV, Nakonechnaja SA, Bachinskij RO, Lukjanova LV, Kozub SN, Levashova OL. Aminokisloty glazami himikov, farmacevtov, biologov. Vol. 2. Kharkov: Shhedra sadiba pljus; 2015. Chapter 9, Levashova OL. Fenilalanin; p. 5-44. (Russian).
Bohan NA, Ivanova SA, Levchuk LA. Serotoninovaja sistema v moduljacii depressivnogo i agressivnogo povedenija. Tomsk: Ivan Fedorov; 2013. 102 р. (Russian).
Naumov AV, Konyuh EA. Melatonine: medical and biological functions. Problems of health and ecology. 2011;3(29):132-136. edn: UYAMWB. (Russian).
Polo E, Kruss S. Nanosensors for neurotransmitters. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2016;408(11):2727-2741. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-015-9160-x.
Celada P, Bortolozzi A, Artigas F. Serotonin 5-HT1A receptors as targets for agents to treat psychiatric disorders: rationale and current status of research. CNS Drugs. 2013;27(9):703-716. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-013-0071-0.
Lummis SC. 5-HT(3) receptors. J Biol Chem. 2012;287(48):40239-40245. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.R112.406496.
Naumenko VS, Ponimaskin EG, Popova NK. 5-HT1А receptor: its role in the regulation of different kinds of behavior. Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2016;20(2):180-190. https://doi.org/10.18699/VJ16.135. https://elibrary.ru/wlvjxx. (Russian).
De Almeida J, Palacios JM, Mengod G. Distribution of 5-HT and DA receptors in primate prefrontal cortex: implications for pathophysiology and treatment. Prog Brain Res. 2008;172:101-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6123(08)00905-9.
Evers S, Afra J, Frese A, Goadsby PJ, Linde M, May A, Sándor PS. EFNS guideline on the drug treatment of migraine – revised report of an EFNS task force. Eur J Neurol. 2009;16(9):968-981. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02748.x.
Zhang C, Marek GJ. AMPA receptor involvement in 5-hydroxytryptamine2A receptor-mediated pre-frontal cortical excitatory synaptic currents and DOI-induced head shakes. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2008;32(1):62-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2007.07.009.
Scotton WJ, Hill LJ, Williams AC, Barnes NM. Serotonin Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Clinical Features, Management, and Potential Future Directions. Int J Tryptophan Res. 2019;12:1178646919873925. https://doi.org/10.1177/1178646919873925.
De Deurwaerdère P, Di Giovanni G. Serotonin in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(10):3500. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103500.
Khoury R, Grysman N, Gold J, Patel K, Grossberg GT. The role of 5-HT6-receptor antagonists in Alzheimer's disease: an update. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2018;27(6):523-533. https://doi.org/10.1080/13543784.2018.1483334.
Koopman N, Katsavelis D, Hove AST, Brul S, Jonge WJ, Seppen J. The Multifaceted Role of Serotonin in Intestinal Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(17):9487. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179487.
Bétry C, Pehrson AL, Etiévant A, Ebert B, Sánchez C, Haddjeri N. The rapid recovery of 5-HT cell firing induced by the antidepressant vortioxetine involves 5-HT(3) receptor antagonism. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013;16(5):1115-1127. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1461145712001058.
De Maeyer JH, Lefebvre RA, Schuurkes JA. 5-HT4 receptor agonists: similar but not the same. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2008;20(2):99-112. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2982.2007.01059.x.
Spencer NJ, Keating DJ. Role of 5-HT in the enteric nervous system and enteroendocrine cells. Br J Pharmacol. 2025;182(3):471-483. https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.15930.
Berger M, Gray JA, Roth BL. The expanded biology of serotonin. Annu Rev Med. 2009;60:355-366. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.med.60.042307.110802.
Mawe GM, Hoffman JM. Serotonin signaling in the gut-functions, dysfunctions and therapeutic targets. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;10(8):473-486. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2013.105.
Gershon MD, Tack J. The serotonin signaling system: from basic understanding to drug development for functional GI disorders. Gastroenterology. 2007;132(1):397-414. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2006.11.002.
Crowell MD. Role of serotonin in the pathophysiology of the irritable bowel syndrome. Br J Pharmacol. 2004;141(8):1285-1293. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjp.0705762.
Stein A, Hinz M, Uncini T. Amino acid-responsive Crohn's disease: a case study. Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 2010;3:171-177. https://doi.org/10.2147/CEG.S15340.
Coates MD, Mahoney CR, Linden DR, Sampson JE, Chen J, Blaszyk H, Crowell MD, Sharkey KA, Gershon MD, Mawe GM, Moses PL. Molecular defects in mucosal serotonin content and decreased serotonin reuptake transporter in ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology. 2004;126(7):1657-1664. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2004.03.013.
Barinov EF, Sulayeva ON. Role of serotonin in physiology and diseases of gastro-intestinal tract. Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2012;22(2):4-13. edn: PAGMFV. (Russian).
Jenkins TA, Nguyen JC, Polglaze KE, Bertrand PP. Influence of Tryptophan and Serotonin on Mood and Cognition with a Possible Role of the Gut-Brain Axis. Nutrients. 2016;8(1):56. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8010056.
Plotnikova EA, Krasnov OA. Rol serotoninovyh receptorov v motorno-jevakuatornoj funkcii zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta. Pharmateca. 2014;14(287):12-16. edn: QYRFCO. (Russian).
Saroj N, Shanker S, Serrano-Hernández E, Manjarrez-Gutiérrez G, Mondragón JA, Moreno-Martínez S, Jarillo-Luna RA, López-Sánchez P, Terrón JA. Expression of tryptophan hydroxylase in rat adrenal glands: Upregulation of TPH2 by chronic stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2025;171:107219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107219.
Masab M, Saif MW. Telotristat ethyl: proof of principle and the first oral agent in the management of well-differentiated metastatic neuroendocrine tumor and carcinoid syndrome diarrhea. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2017;80(6):1055-1062. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00280-017-3462-y.
