БРОНХИАЛЬНАЯ АСТМА У ДЕТЕЙ – ВОЗМОЖНА ЛИ ПРОФИЛАКТИКА ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ?
Аннотация
Введение. Бронхиальная астма – одно из самых распространенных хронических заболеваний дыхательной системы, значительно нарушающих качество жизни пациентов.
Цель работы: проанализировать результаты научных исследований, касающихся изучения факторов риска возникновения и развития бронхиальной астмы у детей.
Материал и методы. Проведен качественный анализ имеющихся в литературе, в научных базах PubMed, в реестре клинических испытаний Embase и базе библиотеки Cochrane современных данных до 2016 г. о факторах риска астмы и ее первичной профилактике.
Результаты. Установлено, что на возникновение бронхиальной астмы в детском возрасте влияют не только наследственные, но и целый ряд внешнесредовых предрасполагающих факторов, которые необходимо учитывать при проведении первичной профилактики заболевания у детей из группы высокого риска.
Выводы. Необходимы дальнейшие продолжительные когортные исследования на больших популяциях, которые исследуют новые и установленные факторы риска, биомаркеры фенотипов риска и БА, а также генетические и экологические взаимодействия.
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