ОТДАЛЕННЫЕ ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ НИЗКОДОЗОВЫХ РАДИАЦИОННЫХ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЙ
Аннотация
В обзоре рассмотрены современные данные об отдаленных последствиях низкодозового ионизирующего излучения с акцентом на трансгенерационные эффекты и изменения в зародышевой линии. Обсуждаются радиационно-индуцированная геномная нестабильность, «эффект свидетеля» и эпигенетические механизмы передачи нарушений через поколения. Несмотря на убедительные экспериментальные доказательства трансгенерационных эффектов у животных, исследования на людях в большинстве случаев не выявляют значимого роста de novo мутаций или наследственных заболеваний. Однако тонкие молекулярные изменения, выявляемые методами полногеномного секвенирования, не позволяют полностью исключить такие эффекты при хроническом низкодозовом воздействии. Отмечается недостаточный объем данных по воздействию на женские гонады и отдаленным последствиям на 3–4+ поколения, а также необходимость дальнейших исследований с использованием современных геномных технологий.
Литература
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