ПАПИЛЛОМАВИРУСЫ ЧЕЛОВЕКА: СТРОЕНИЕ, РОЛЬ В ОНКОГЕНЕЗЕ, А ТАКЖЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ ПРОТИВОВИРУСНОГО ИММУНИТЕТА
Аннотация
Важную роль в возникновении рака шейки матки играет поражение слизистой оболочки и прилежащих кожных покровов папилломавирусами. Эти вирусы имеют свойства, сильно замедляющие иммунный ответ. В зависимости от типа, папилломавирусы вызывают доброкачественные кожные изменения по типу бородавок, epidermodysplasia verruformis, болезнь Хека; вирусы высокого онкологического риска вызывают возникновение предопухолевых и опухолевых изменений слизистых оболочек, прилежащих к гениталиям. Белки папилломавиру- сов могут влиять на иммунный ответ, направленный на клетки, поражённые вирусом, путём воздействия на продуцирование цитокинов, а также путём влияния на выработку антигенов.
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